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“一带一路” 9

隧道 7

水下隧道 6

海底隧道 6

施工 4

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Impacts of opening baffle of city road tunnels on natural ventilation performance

Weixiao YANG, Jincheng XING, Jianxing LI, Jihong LING, Haixian HAO, Zhiqiang YAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第1期页码 55-61 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0194-x

摘要： Based on the opening baffle mode for natural ventilation of city road tunnels, this paper studies the impacts of opening baffle on natural ventilation performance by verifying numerical simulation through model tests. By analyzing the impacts of installation angle, dimension, location, and quantity of opening baffle on ventilation performance, the paper reached the conclusions as follows: 1) When installation angle is larger than 45° and tunnel ventilation is well operated, the baffle exhaust could increase by at least 30% compared to when there is no baffle. 2) The baffle reaches its optimal performance when the length of the baffle is equal to the width of the city road tunnels. 3) Baffle exhaust could increase by 30% when it is installed in the downstream of openings. 4) The performance of a single baffle is better than that of multiple baffles.

关键词： city road tunnel numerical simulation baffle top opening natural ventilation

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Technical innovation for Sanyang Road Cross-river Tunnel Project

Yu ZHONG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第3期页码 411-415 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018206

摘要：

关键词： valign= top class= J_zhaiyao

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节地节投资节油70%彻底不堵车城市新模式

董国良

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第1期页码 11-17

摘要：

提出了“城市基因改造论”和“畅通城市新模式”。目前城市“有机体”中存在着致病基因——“空间错位”，正是这一致病基因，导致产生了影响城市可持续发展的十大问题：城市占地多、效率低、能耗高、污染重、停车难、治安差、不宜居，以及交通事故多、交通投资巨大等。城市交通问题应该从“城市交通-城市空间-经济-社会”四个层次综合研究，“跳出交通看交通”，铲除“空间错位”这个基因，才能一揽子解决城市交通和城市可持续发展的诸多问题。通过分别构筑车与人的空间，将一个混乱的城市空间变为两个自由空间，从而构建“畅通城市新模式”，既可实现《雅典宪章》所提出的寻找新的街道系统以适应汽车交通特性^［1］，又可实现建设“以人为本”节约宜人型城市的新目标。

关键词：城市交通可持续发展

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Connection of the prefabricated updeck of road tunnels by a short lap-spliced joint using ultra-high-performance

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》页码 870-883 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0977-7

摘要： Prefabricated internal structures of road tunnels, consisting of precast elements and the connections between them, provide advantages in terms of quality control and manufacturing costs. However, the limited construction space in tunnels creates challenges for on-site assembly. To identify feasible connecting joints, flexural tests of precast straight beams connected by welding-spliced or lap-spliced reinforcements embedded in normal concrete or ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) are first performed and analyzed. With an improvement in the strength grade of the closure concrete for the lap-spliced joint, the failure of the beam transforms from a brittle splitting mode to a ductile flexural mode. The beam connected by UHPFRC100 with short lap-spliced reinforcements can achieve almost equivalent mechanical performance in terms of the bearing capacity, ductility, and stiffness as the beam connected by normal concrete with welding-spliced reinforcements. This favorable solution is then applied to the connection of neighboring updeck slabs resting on columns in a double-deck tunnel. The applicability is validated by flexural tests of T-shaped joints, which, fail in a ductile fashion dominated by the ultimate bearing capacity of the precast elements, similar to the corresponding straight beam. The utilization of UHPFRC significantly reduces the required lap-splice length of reinforcements owing to its strong bonding strength.

关键词： UHPFRC prefabricated updeck road tunnel lap-spliced rebars flexural tests

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终南山公路隧道非机械式通风效果研究

郑晅,郭佳奇

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第3期页码 39-44

摘要：

秦岭终南山特长公路隧道规模庞大，通风系统复杂，为了合理确定通风配置，节约通风费用，评估自然风和交通活塞风等非机械式通风方式的通风效果就显得非常重要。课题组现场监测了终南山特长公路隧道内的自然风速、交通量及自然风压和交通风压共同作用下的风速，收集了大量数据。通过对监测数据的处理、分析得出，较大自然风速出现在10∶00—14∶00这个时间段，最大自然风速达到2.576 m/s；隧道东、西线交通量出现高峰期的时间段基本恒定；隧道东线内自然风压和交通风压共同作用下的风速较大的时间段基本上与交通量高峰期时间段相吻合，而西线这两个时间段吻合性较差，洞内风速变化相对平缓。考虑洞口外风向频率、风向、洞口实测温度等参数的自然风速计算方法计算值与实测自然风速较接近。隧道内自然风压和交通风压联合作用下的风速计算值虽小于现场实测值，但较接近实测值。

关键词：隧道通风现场监测非机械式通风自然风交通活塞风

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长大公路隧道火灾安全疏散性能化设计与分析

陈长坤,徐志胜

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第9期页码 78-83

摘要：

基于性能化防火设计方法，分析火灾条件下长大公路隧道内人员疏散行为的特点，给出隧道内人员疏散的安全判据，并结合某隧道的结构及车流特征对人员疏散过程进行了数值模拟研究，分析隧道在正常通车和局部行车堵塞时，不同火源位置、横通道间距与横通道宽度对人员疏散时间及安全状态的影响。结果表明,与建筑内人员疏散不同，长大公路隧道内火灾的可用安全疏散时间(ASET)与需要的安全疏散时间(RSET)均为沿隧道长度方向位置的函数。隧道内人员安全疏散的时间曲线在各横通道疏散口出现峰值，这主要是受到横通道通行能力的限制，各疏散口人员集聚等待所致。当隧道发生局部堵塞时，横通道口需要的安全疏散时间显著增加，危险性也急剧增大。隧道内人员疏散的性能化防火设计应综合考虑火源位置对人员载荷及疏散口位置可用安全疏散时间的影响。该研究为公路隧道火灾安全疏散设施的优化设计提供依据。

关键词：疏散火灾隧道横通道性能化防火设计

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Characteristics and application of road absorbing solar energy

Zhihua ZHOU, Shan HU, Xiaoyan ZHANG, Jian ZUO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第4期页码 525-534 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0278-2

摘要： If the heat of road surface can be stored in summer, the road surface temperature will be decreased to prevent permanent deformation of pavement. Besides, if the heat stored is released, it can supply heat for buildings or raise the road surface temperature for snow melting in winter. A road-solar energy system was built in this study, and the heat transfer mechanism and effect of the system were analyzed according to the monitored solar radiant heat, the solar energy absorbed by road and the heat stored by soil. The results showed that the road surface temperature was mainly affected by solar radiation, but the effect is hysteretic in nature. The temperature of the solar road surface was 3°C–6°C lower than that of the ordinary road surface. The temperature of the solar road along the vertical direction was 2°C–5°C lower than that of the ordinary road. The temperature difference increased as the distance to the heat transfer tubes decreased. The average solar collector efficiency of the system was 14.4%, and the average solar absorptivity of road surface was 36%.

关键词： solar energy road-solar energy system road surface temperature solar absorptivity of road surface solar collector efficiency of system

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Innovation Ecosystem for Green Smart City Building in China

Jin Chen

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第4期页码 325-330 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015058

摘要： Green Smart City (GSC), is one of the new types of cities which integrates eco-concepts and information technologies. As GSC construction is a resource intensive process, it requires a large amount of knowledge, information, talent and capital. Thus, setting up an innovation ecosystem is an astute way to promote the construction of a GSC. This paper, based on the case study by the Insigma Group, tries to explore the rules of innovation ecosystem building for the construction of GSCs in China.

关键词： green smart city resource innovation ecosystem building

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The development of roadside green swales in the Chinese Sponge City Program: Challenges and opportunities

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 566-581 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0267-z

摘要： Roadside green swales have emerged as popular stormwater management infrastructure in urban areas, serving to mitigate stormwater pollution and reduce urban surface water discharge. However, there is a limited understanding of the various types, structures, and functions of swales, as well as the potential challenges they may face in the future. In recent years, China has witnessed a surge in the adoption of roadside green swales, especially as part of the prestigious Sponge City Program (SCP). These green swales play a crucial role in controlling stormwater pollution and conserving urban water resources by effectively removing runoff pollutants, including suspended solids, nitrogen, and phosphorus. This review critically examines recent research findings, identifies key knowledge gaps, and presents future recommendations for designing green swales for effective stormwater management, with a particular emphasis on ongoing major Chinese infrastructure projects. Despite the growing global interest in bioswales and their significance in urban development, China’s current classification of such features lacks a clear definition or specific consideration of bioswales. Furthermore, policymakers have often underestimated the adverse environmental effects of road networks, as reflected in existing laws and planning documents. This review argues that the construction and maintenance of roadside green swales should be primarily based on three critical factors: Well-thought-out road planning, suitable construction conditions, and sustainable long-term funding. The integration of quantitative environmental standards into road planning is essential to effectively address the challenge of pollution from rainfall runoff. To combat pollution associated with roads, a comprehensive assessment of potential pollution loadings should be carried out, guiding the appropriate design and construction of green swales, with a particular focus on addressing the phenomenon of first flush. One of the major challenges faced in sustaining funds for ongoing maintenance after swale construction. To address this issue, the implementation of a green finance platform is proposed. Such a platform would help ensure the availability of funds for continuous maintenance, thus maximizing the long-term effectiveness of green swales in stormwater management. Ultimately, the findings of this review aim to assist municipal governments in enhancing and implementing future urban road designs and SCP developments, incorporating effective green swale strategies.

关键词： grass swale infiltration swale bioswale wet swale sponge city

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Development and road performance of clear asphalt with high transparency and adhesion

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 238-255 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0898-x

摘要： Clear asphalt (CA) currently used in light-colored asphalt mixtures (LCAM) exhibits poor transparency and adhesion. Therefore, a highly transparent CA (HCA) modified using a silane coupling agent (KH550) was prepared. Furthermore, LCAM was prepared by mixing CA and limestone aggregates. The properties of the HCA and ordinary CA (OCA) were characterized using conventional asphalt tests, optical tests, pull-off tests, ultraviolet aging tests, dynamic shear rheometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. Whereas Marshall, moisture resistance, wheel tracking, trabecular bending, and British pendulum tests were employed for the LCAM. The transmittance and spectral reflectance of the HCA were 123.30 and 3.74 times greater than those of the OCA, respectively. The complex modulus and viscosity-aging index of the HCA were 48% and 53% less than those of the OCA, respectively. After modification with KH550, the Marshall stability ratio, tensile strength ratio, and flexural strain of the HCA-prepared LCAM increased by 12.92%, 25.06%, and 23.90%, respectively. However, the rutting resistance of the HCA-prepared LCAM was 14.3% less than that of the OCA-prepared LCAM. The comprehensive performances of the HCA and HCA-prepared LCAM were 49.2% and 10.3% greater than those of the OCA and OCA-prepared LCAM, respectively, indicating a high application value in the future.

关键词： light-colored asphalt pavement orthogonal test road performance spectral reflectance silane-coupling agent

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数字城市到智慧城市的思考与探索

李成名,刘晓丽

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第5期页码 4-7

摘要：

首先综述了构建权威、唯一、通用的数字城市地理空间框架的必要性，然后详细介绍了我国数字城市建设的总体思路、进展情况、发挥的作用及产生的影响。接下来，针对时代发展、技术进步和需求变化，论述了当前地理空间框架面临的全新发展机遇和挑战，以及存在的问题，明确指出了智慧城市阶段时空信息框架的建设目标与内容，展望了下一步技术突破的方向。

关键词：数字城市智慧城市时空信息云平台

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China’s Sponge City construction: A discussion on technical approaches

Haifeng Jia, Zheng Wang, Xiaoyue Zhen, Mike Clar, Shaw L. Yu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0984-9

摘要： Since 2014, China has been implementing the Sponge City Construction initiative, which represents an enormous and unprecedented effort by any government in the world for achieving urban sustainability. According to preliminary estimates, the total investment on the Sponge City Plan is roughly 100 to 150 million Yuan (RMB) ($15 to $22.5 million) average per square kilometer or 10 Trillion Yuan (RMB) ($1.5 Trillion) for the 657 cities nationwide. The Sponge City Plan (SCP) calls for the use of natural processes such as soil and vegetation as part of the urban runoff control strategy, which is similar to that of low impact development (LID) and green infrastructure (GI) practices being promoted in many parts of the world. The SCP includes as its goals not only effective urban flood control, but also rainwater harvest, water quality improvement and ecological restoration. So far, the SCP implementation has encountered some barriers and challenges due to many factors. The present paper presents a review of those barriers and challenges, offers discussions and recommendations on several technical aspects such as control goals and objectives; planning/design and construction of LID/GI practices; performance evaluation. Several key recommendations are proposed on Sponge City implementation strategy, Site-specific regulatory framework and technical guidance, Product innovation and certification, LID/GI Project financing, LID/GI professional training and certification, public outreach and education. It is expected that the successful implementation of the SCP not only will bring about a sustainable, eco-friendly urbanization process in China, but also contribute enormously to the LID/GI research and development with the vast amount of relevant data and experiences generated from the Sponge City construction projects.

关键词： Low impact development (LID) Green infrastructure (GI) Sponge City Barriers Construction strategies

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Substance flow analysis for an urban drainage system of a representative hypothetical city in China

Hua BAI, Siyu ZENG, Xin DONG, Jining CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第5期页码 746-755 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0551-y

摘要： This paper discusses the use of substance flow analysis (SFA) as a tool to support quantified research on urban drainage systems. Based on the principle of mass balance, a static substance flow model is established to describe and examine the routes and intensities of water, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) for a representative hypothetical city (RH city) in China, which is a devised and scaled city using statistical characteristics of urban circumstances at the national level. It is estimated that the annual flux of water, COD, TN and TP through the urban drainage system in 2010 was 55.1 million m , 16037.3 t, 1649.5 t and 209.7 t, respectively. The effluent of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was identified as the most important pathway for pollutant emissions, which contributed approximately 60% of COD, 65% of TN and 50% of TP to receiving water. During the wastewater treatment process, 1.0 million m , 7042.5 t, 584.2 t and 161.4 t of the four studied substances had been transmitted into sludge, meanwhile 3813.0 t of COD and 394.0 t of TN were converted and emitted to the atmosphere. Compared with the representative hypothetical city of 2000, urban population and the area of urban built districts had expanded by approximately 90% and 80% respectively during the decade, resulting in a more than threefold increase in the input of substances into the urban drainage system. Thanks to the development of urban drainage systems, the total loads of the city were maintained at a similar level.

关键词： substance flow analysis (SFA) urban drainage system representative hypothetical city (RH city) water pollution control